A Wedgwood floral and Insect decorated creamware teapot, late 1860s the small globular teapot with Aesthetic movement and Japanese design influences, with branch spout and bifurcated twig handle and finial brushed with blue enamel, the body decorated with scattered insects, flowers and branches, impressed 'Wedgwood' underside with partial date code, probably 1868. Height 4.33 in., width 7.28 in.
- Finial - An architectural decoration, found on the upper parts of of an object. On furniture they are usually found on pediments, canopies and shelf supports. On smaller ceramic or silver items, such as spoons, they may decorate the top of the item itself, or the lid or cover where they provide a useful handle for removal.
Finials have a variety of shapes and forms. They may be urn-shaped, baluster shaped round or spiral, but usually taper into an upper point. Many real life shapes may also be used as finials, such as pineapples, berries, pinecones, buds, lotus and acorns. Sometimes animals such as a lion are depicted, or fish and dolphins.
- Creamware - Creamware, also known as "Queens Ware" is the
cream-coloured English earthenware developed by Josiah Wedgwood in the 1760s.
The invention of creamware was the result of experimentation in order to find a
British substitute for imported Chinese porcelain, and the cream colour was
considered a fault at the time. The lightweight fine white earthenware with a
clean rich yellowish proved ideal for tableware
and decorative items during the 18th and 19th centuries and is still produced
today.
Creamware is made from a
mixture of kaolin, feldspar, and ball clay, and is typically glazed before
firing to give it its glossy finish. It was developed by British potters as a
cheaper alternative to porcelain.
At Wedgwood, Royal patronage
boosted sales. In 1765 Queen Charlotte, the consort of King George III placed
an order for a 12 place tea set and allowed Wedgwood to use the name
"Queens Ware" for the line. In 1770 Wedgwood produced a creamware
dinner service of 952 pieces supplied to Catherine II the Great of Russia.
Other potteries such as
Doulton, Neale & Co. and Spode produced smaller quantities of creamware.
Creamware continued to be
made throughout the 19th century and later.
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